Abdul Fattah Ismail (Arabic: عبد الفتاح إسماعيل, romanized: ʿAbd el-Fattāḥ Ismāʿīl pronunciationⓘ; 28 July 1939 – 13 January 1986) was a Yemeni Marxist politician and revolutionary who was the de facto leader of South Yemen from 1978 to 1980 after Salim Rubaya Ali. He served as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council (head of state) and founder, chief ideologue and first leader of the Yemeni Socialist Party from 21 December 1978 to 21 April 1980. He died under mysterious circumstances during the 1986 South Yemen Civil War and his body was never found.[